In scientific terminology, what is a "theory"?

In scientific terminology, a theory is best defined as a conceptual framework on natural phenomena. This means that a theory is developed based on a substantial body of evidence, observations, and experimental results that explain and predict aspects of the natural world. Unlike simple hypotheses, which are initial explanations that require further testing, a scientific theory has undergone rigorous scrutiny and validation, making it a robust framework for understanding specific phenomena.

Theories integrate and synthesize a wide range of information. For instance, the theory of evolution explains biological diversity based on evidence from genetics, fossil records, and observed adaptations in various species, providing a comprehensive understanding that can be tested and challenged by new data.

In contrast to the other options, a theory is not considered a definitive truth; scientific knowledge is always open to revision with new evidence. Furthermore, a theory is not a common misconception, as misconceptions lack empirical support and scientific validation. Finally, a theory is also not a subjective opinion, as it is rooted in objective research and data, aiming to describe reality as accurately as possible within the framework of scientific investigation.