Arizona State University (ASU) BME100 Introduction to Biomedical Engineering Midterm Practice Exam

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Bone marrow stem cells are cultured in a bioreactor with a scaffold for tracheal regenerationWhat is done with harvested bone marrow stem cells in tracheal regeneration?Exploring the Count of Neurotransmitters in Our BodiesApproximately how many different types of neurotransmitters exist?Exploring the Historical Significance of the First Liver TransplantWhat is the survival time for the first liver transplant patient?How much of the US GDP is dedicated to healthcare?What percentage of the US GDP is spent on healthcare?Metals stand out in orthopedic applicationsWhich category of biomaterials is often used in orthopedic applications?Understanding Neural Stem Cells and Their Role in NeuroscienceWhat are progenitor cells that produce neurons and glial cells called?Understanding Syngenic Cells in Biomedical EngineeringWhat are syngenic cells?Understanding the Concerns Surrounding Medication Usage in the USWhat is a primary concern regarding medication usage in the US?Understanding the Differences Between Independent and Paired T TestsHow does an independent (unpaired) t test differ from a paired t test?Understanding the Essence of Disruptive TechnologyWhat defines a disruptive technology?Understanding the Impact of Anodal tDCS on Neural ExcitabilityWhat effect does anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have on neural excitability?Understanding the One-Tailed t Test in Biomedical ResearchWhat statistical test is used when you predict the direction of your experimental effect?Understanding the Role of Micro-Circulatory Beds in Tissue EngineeringWhat is the purpose of micro-circulatory beds in tissue engineering?Understanding the Role of Polymers in Biomedical EngineeringWhat is a common use of polymers in biomedical applications?Understanding the Role of Standard Error in Statistical AnalysisWhat does standard error describe in statistical analysis?Understanding the Significance of Cold Fusion in Scientific DiscourseIn what way is cold fusion significant in scientific discourse?Understanding the Sources of Embryonic Stem Cells in Biomedical EngineeringEmbryonic stem cells are derived from which of the following?Understanding the Volume of Prescriptions Written in the US Each YearHow many prescriptions are written per year in the US?Understanding What the Alternate Hypothesis Suggests in ResearchWhat does the alternate hypothesis suggest?Undifferentiated cells and their defining trait of symmetric divisionWhat is the defining characteristic of undifferentiated cells, such as stem cells?What defines validity in measurements and why it matters in biomedical engineeringWhich of the following characteristics defines validity?What You Should Know About Correlation and Causation in HealthcareWhat is a potential risk when inferring causation from correlation in healthcare?Why Inflammation is Key in Biomedical EngineeringWhat is one of the biological responses to biomaterials?Why Validity and Reliability Matter in Scientific ResearchIn scientific research, measurements must be both ___ and ___.
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  • How is market size calculated according to the criteria provided?
  • What is the purpose of brain stimulation in clinical settings?
  • How many subjects are typically involved in the safety testing phase of obtaining FDA approval?
  • What does "IP Position" refer to in a fundability context?
  • What is a major concern associated with using embryonic stem cells?
  • What statistical test should be used if 30 students run at different times of the day?
  • In scientific terminology, what is a "theory"?
  • What method is commonly used to reprogram adult stem cells?
  • Which of the following is NOT a mechanical property of biomaterials?
  • What two elements are included in epithelial regeneration for wound healing?
  • Which of the following choices relates to measuring bias in a research output?
  • What type of studies are involved in preclinical testing for FDA approval?
  • Which of the following terms refers to the method of stimulating neurons in the brain for therapeutic purposes?
  • What differentiates a "fact" from other forms of information in a scientific context?
  • Descriptive statistics are primarily used to:
  • How long did the recipient of the first lung transplant survive?
  • What technique is used to communicate with coma patients through mental imagery?
  • What term is used for the scientific consensus that requires minimal assumptions for its explanation?
  • How many people are typically on the waiting list for kidney transplants?
  • What conclusion can be drawn if the score is high enough in a statistical test?
  • Which scenario is an example of correlation without causation?
  • Which of the following is a step in the strategy of tissue engineering?
  • Which of the following is NOT a required element for successful cell culture?
  • Which of the following is most likely to be an enduring and unchanging truth in science?
  • What is the first step in muscle regeneration?
  • What is true about causation in relation to correlation?
  • What is the allure of numbers in scientific measurement?
  • What should researchers aim for in their measurement tools to ensure unbiased results?
  • Which organ presents unique challenges related to matrix implants and vascularization in tissue engineering?
  • What does a valid measurement ensure in research methodology?
  • Which species can regenerate its tail?
  • What is the first step in the process of growing an organ for transplantation?
  • In what situation would a regulatory pathway be classified as "Exempt"?
  • Which type of cells are derived from a different species?
  • Which type of biomaterial is best known for being difficult to sterilize?
  • In muscle regeneration, what is the scaffold treated with to encourage myogenesis?
  • What type of biological response involves infection and necrosis?
  • In which year was the first face transplant performed?
  • What is indicated by a negative correlation?
  • A reliable measurement is one that:
  • What is one of the goals in creating a biomechanical environment in tissue engineering?
  • What is a common application of neuromodulation in medical treatment?
  • How is "Technical Feasibility" rated in the given criteria?
  • If 20 students are divided into two groups of 10 to test the effect of red bull on running speed, what test is appropriate?
  • What problem do fewer than 100 people diagnosed with tracheal cancer typically face annually?
  • What potential applications does Vagal Nerve Stimulation have beyond its FDA approval?
  • How do scaffolding materials mimic the extracellular matrix?
  • What does a high t value indicate?
  • What is the primary aim of brain imaging?
  • From where are fetal stem cells typically harvested?
  • What does the term "data" refer to in a scientific context?
  • Which process involves introducing foreign DNA into an organism's genome?
  • In the context of healthcare, what does 'clinical pull' refer to?
  • What does the null hypothesis state?
  • What advantage do ceramics provide as biomaterials?
  • What aspect of medicine does the phrase "symptom rather than cause based" refer to?
  • Which biomaterials application is associated with cardiovascular support?
  • Which neuroimaging technique evaluates electrical activity within the cortex?
  • What is one major consideration when evaluating biomaterials for implants?
  • Which of the following is NOT considered a branch of modern biomedical engineering?
  • What kind of interpretation do theories rely on in the context of biomedical engineering?
  • In what year did the first heart transplant take place?
  • What type of ethical issue is exemplified by the Tuskegee syphilis study?
  • What is the primary focus of eliding in the context of data analysis?
  • What type of study design is best suited to determine causation?
  • Which of the following is NOT a reason why 85% of ideas fail to reach market?
  • What is a key attribute of natural/biologically derived polymers?
  • When testing hypotheses, what must be considered?
  • Which of the following stem cell types carries a risk of causing tumors when used?
  • Deep brain stimulation is used to disrupt maladaptive activity in which type of circuits?
  • What is a significant disadvantage of using polymers as biomaterials?
  • Which of the following is NOT a source of bias?
  • What does publication bias refer to?
  • When considering research results, what should one infer if relationships are correlated?
  • Scientific explanations rely on which of the following components?
  • Which type of electrodes do Micro-electrode arrays (uEA) use?
  • How can we determine if groups differ statistically?
  • In a normal curve, how are the mean, median, and mode related?
  • What belief system is cited as having the greatest impact on human history?
  • In terms of careers in biomedical engineering, what is true for working for existing companies?
  • How long did the first heart transplant patient survive?
  • How might confounding variables affect the interpretation of a correlation?
  • What must be done after introducing DNA into a host organism in genetic engineering?
  • What regenerative ability is observed in planaria?
  • What famous example illustrates experimenter bias?
  • What is a significant challenge associated with organ printing?
  • In statistics, standard deviation is defined as:
  • Which biomaterial class is acknowledged for its ability to be tailored for specific properties?
  • What year was the first liver transplant performed?
  • Which of the following principles is NOT part of the four principles of BME ethics?
  • Which of the following statements is associated with a sense of belonging?
  • Which of the following is a consideration for site of implantation in biomaterials?
  • What key principle should one remember when interpreting research findings involving correlation?
  • Approximately what percentage of medical device companies have fewer than 50 employees?
  • What is a common application of biomaterials in the eye?
  • What is the first phase of the design process?
  • Which of the following conditions is an example of a disorder that can arise in properly functioning brains breaking down over time?
  • What is one limitation in current tissue engineering primarily affecting organ regeneration?
  • In terms of correlation, what does it mean when two measures increase together?
  • What defines theories in a scientific context?
  • Which category of biomaterials involves the use of alloys?
  • What is one method of transplanting neural stem cells?
  • Which test is appropriate when you do not predict the direction of your experimental effect?
  • What is a common example of a psychological condition that can affect brain function?
  • True or false: Assessing biological interactions in biomaterials is only necessary during initial testing.
  • What is the primary purpose of harvesting stem cells in the reprogramming process?
  • How is tissue function evaluated before implantation in tissue engineering?
  • Who was Paul Broca and what was his significant claim?
  • What significant process is driven by physical exercise in muscle regeneration?
  • What issue might arise with biomaterials outside their intended use?
  • What is the main goal of neuroprosthetics?
  • According to the criteria, what is indicated when the technical feasibility score is 0?
  • Which stem cell type is noted for being plentiful and easy to harvest for heart regeneration?
  • Which component is crucial for neurons in the motor cortex?
  • Hematopoietic stem cells are responsible for the production of which types of cells?
  • What does standard deviation represent in a statistical sample?
  • What are autologous cells?
  • What principle is represented by Occam's razor?
  • Induced pluripotent stem cells are made by reprogramming what type of cells?
  • Which disadvantage is commonly associated with metals used in biomaterials?
  • What is an example of material degradation?
  • What is the average time for a 501(k) application with clinicals under the regulatory pathway?
  • What does a confidence interval represent in statistics?
  • Apilgraf is primarily composed of which substances?
  • Which method can be used to potentially communicate with coma patients?
  • Data collection and interpretation should be conducted in a way that is:
  • Which step is NOT part of the tissue engineering process?
  • Which of the following best describes a positive correlation?
  • What does motor mental imagery involve for a patient?
  • In the context of FDA classification, what typically characterizes Class III devices?
  • What mechanism do telomeres perform in relation to chromosomes?
  • What is the range of time for the De Novo regulatory pathway?
  • What is an example of a Class I FDA approval device?
  • What does an independent (unpaired) t test analyze?
  • What type of statistics is used to test hypotheses or make predictions?
  • What does statistical significance measure?
  • What does a p-value of less than 0.05 indicate?
  • What primary function does Vagal Nerve Stimulation serve?
  • What is a key component of the kidney regeneration process?
  • Which imaging technique provides information on the structural morphology of the brain?
  • What does "correlation is not causation" imply in scientific research?
  • What rating indicates that "Patient outcomes are likely positive" in clinical feasibility?
  • What aspect does an entrepreneurial mindset prioritize according to the 3 C's?
  • What are the main reasons for engineering tissue?
  • True or false: A biomaterial should NOT interact with the body.
  • As the number of subjects increases, what must happen to the t value for reaching statistical significance?
  • What are the steps involved in the scientific process leading to a conclusion?
  • What characterizes 'technological push' in the healthcare industry?
  • Which statistical test is used when a single measure is taken from two groups of subjects?
  • What characteristic of oxygenated blood contributes to a good MRI signal?
  • When engaging in spatial mental imagery for communication, what does a patient have to visualize?
  • Which characteristic of ceramics limits their use in biomaterials?
  • Decellularized matrices are created by:
  • Which system contracts the bladder muscle when it is stretched?
  • Where are mesenchymal stem cells primarily found?
  • How many trillion cells does the human body contain?
  • Which statistical test is used for experiments with repeated measures?
  • What does "Freedom to Operate" typically require in terms of legal precautions?
  • What type of cells make up the bladder regeneration matrix?
  • Which statement best describes the action of starting a company in biomedical engineering?
  • What is the basic definition of tissue in biomedical engineering?
  • What component of scientific research provides a structure for understanding phenomena?
  • What percentage increase is noted for the likelihood of sharing fake news?
  • What is the main concern with calcification in biomaterials?
  • Which of the following is NOT a measure of central tendency?
  • What is one of the key questions to consider when evaluating a problem's worth in biomedical engineering?
  • How many synapses are typically connected to each neuron?
  • What is Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) primarily used to treat?
  • Which area of biomedical engineering focuses on designing artificial organs?
  • Which characteristic of measurement pertains to the question, "Are we measuring what we claim to be measuring?"
  • What does Magnetoencephalography (MEG) primarily measure?
  • What are adult stem cells important for?
  • What does Pearson's r correlation coefficient measure?
  • What does recognizing that "correlation does not imply causation" professionally advise researchers to do?
  • In device design, what is the iterative process starting point?
  • Measures of central tendency include:
  • What is the average width of a synapse in nanometers?
  • In regenerative medicine, how are seeded systems characterized?
  • Which phase of the design process involves creating a chart of possible designs?
  • Where are epithelial cells primarily located?
  • What is the approximate cost of healthcare in the US?
  • What is the percentage of cardiovascular disease-related deaths in the US?
  • Which statistical test is typically used when comparing two separate groups?
  • What type of neurons do corticospinal pathways primarily involve?
  • What is a notable disadvantage of induced pluripotent stem cells?
  • What symbol is frequently used to denote the mean in statistics?
  • What is a major challenge in tissue engineering?
  • What process is involved in creating cardiomyocytes from stem cells?
  • What does full thickness composite skin incorporate?
  • What is a common risk classification for X-ray machines by the FDA?
  • What is a necessary quality of a scientific fact?
  • What term describes cells obtained from a donor other than the patient?
  • Which of the following is a biological interaction that can occur with biomaterials?
  • Which of the following is a leading cause of liver dysfunction?
  • What does a researcher mean if they claim that two variables are correlated?
  • Which of the following best describes "data" in the scientific method?
  • Which of the following is considered a naturally occurring type of scaffolding?
  • Inferential statistics allow researchers to:
  • What kind of effect does cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have on neural excitability?
  • Which of the following affects the quality and interpretation of scientific data?
  • Which of the following is an ethical lapse example in biomedical research?
  • What is the output of the transient electrical activity measured by an EEG?
  • What is considered the #1 idea killer in the context of fundability criteria?
  • What percentage of the liver is capable of regeneration from a small portion?
  • What is the formula for standard deviation?
  • What type of data do experiments require?
  • In the context of scientific theories, which of the following statements is true?
  • In research, what is critical for establishing a reliable causal link?
  • Which of the following is NOT one of the 5 P's in the medical device industry?
  • Which organism is known for its longevity and potential for immortality?
  • What is a common mistake people make regarding data correlations?
  • What is a crucial distinction made in statistics regarding correlation?
  • What physiological change accompanies increased neuronal activity in an fMRI scan?
  • Which of the following organisms is capable of reversing aging?
  • How long does synaptic transmission take on average in milliseconds?
  • What is the purpose of neuromodulation in the context of brain treatment?
  • What is involved in the process of tissue engineering?
  • What is cell culture primarily defined as?
  • What does Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) primarily assess?
  • Statistical tests are primarily designed to reject which hypothesis?
  • What test is used to compare more than two groups?
  • Which type of biomaterial is characterized by having directional covalent bonds?
  • What is a key aspect of analyzing data in a scientific study?
  • What does the process of explaining the unexplainable provide?
  • What type of bond is primarily found in ceramic materials?
  • Which step comes first in the Biomedical Engineering Product Design process?
  • Which of the following theories was proven wrong related to spontaneous generation?
  • How many medical device companies have fewer than 500 employees?
  • If 20 students run twice, once with music and then again without, what statistical test should be used?
  • What describes the process of fouling in biomaterials?
  • How are stem cells administered in a cardiac injection procedure?
  • What does reliability in measurement generally refer to?
  • In a statistical analysis, what is generally necessary to establish a causative relationship?
  • How much brain matter is estimated to be lost annually after the age of 25?
  • What effect does aging typically have on brain function according to the text?
  • What belief drives individuals to accept ideas as true?
  • What is the primary goal of tissue engineering?
  • What is the formula for comparing between group variance and within group variance?
  • What is the primary function of a dermal regeneration matrix?
  • What is one of the main challenges faced when using embryonic stem cells?
  • During the tissue engineering process, when do blood vessels typically integrate into an implant?
  • What is one of the approved uses for Vagal Nerve Stimulation?
  • What type of blood is associated with a poor MRI signal?
  • What best describes the purpose of using statistical tests in experiments?
  • Why is the distinction between correlation and causation important in biomedical engineering?
  • What should be done after isolating the DNA strand in genetic engineering?
  • What do neutrons and glial cells comprise?
  • Which organ is noted for deteriorating at the slowest rate with age?
  • How many patients have been implanted with Vagal Nerve Stimulation devices?
  • Which one of the following is NOT part of the entrepreneurial mindset?
  • According to Williams' 1987 definition, what is a biomaterial intended to do?
  • What is an example of a need created by technological push in healthcare?
  • Which factor is associated with 'clinical pull' in healthcare advancements?
  • Which process is associated with thrombosis in relation to biomaterials?
  • What is a primary function of the extracellular matrix in tissue engineering?
  • Which type of stem cell undergoes asymmetrical division?
  • What does the phrase "causation requires correlation" indicate?
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