Which of the following best describes "data" in the scientific method?

Data in the scientific method involves collecting information that is systematic and measurable, often concerning observable phenomena in nature. This information can include numerical measurements, observations, or experimental results that can be analyzed to test hypotheses or validate theories. The essence of data is that it is empirical, relying on objective evidence obtained through observation or experimentation rather than personal feelings or conjectures.

When capturing data, researchers adhere to structured methodologies to ensure the reliability and validity of their findings. This defined aspect of data distinguishes it from other forms of information, such as generalized observations, subjective experiences, or random guesses, which do not fit the rigorous requirements of scientific investigation. Data serves as a foundation for scientific inquiry, enabling conclusions to be supported by factual evidence derived from nature.