Which process is associated with thrombosis in relation to biomaterials?

Thrombosis, the formation of blood clots within blood vessels, can be influenced by a variety of factors in relation to biomaterials. In the context of biomaterials, both infection and lipid deposition are significant processes that can lead to thrombosis.

Infection can introduce pathogens that stimulate an immune response, leading to inflammation and an increased tendency for clot formation. The presence of bacteria or other infectious agents can alter the local environment around the biomaterial, prompting the aggregation of platelets and the initiation of coagulation pathways, thereby enhancing the risk of thrombosis.

Lipid deposition is another critical factor; it can occur when biomaterials interact with blood components over time. The accumulation of lipids can modify the surface characteristics of the biomaterial, making it more conducive to platelet adhesion and activation. This lipid layer can serve as a stimulus for the coagulation cascade, further contributing to thrombosis.

Considering these two processes, the choice indicating both infection and lipid deposition accurately reflects the multifaceted nature of thrombosis in the context of biomaterials, emphasizing the importance of both biological responses.